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Meeting	ACGS Committee Meeting 120 - Tukwila, WA - November 2017
Agenda Location	9 SUBCOMMITTEE B – MISSILES AND SPACE 9.3 Piloting Spacecraft, Guidance and Control of Human Space Vehicles
Title	Piloting Spacecraft, Guidance and Control of Human Space Vehicles
Presenter	Kevin Duda
Affiliation	DRAPER
Available Downloads*	presentation
	Downloads are available to members who are logged in and either Active* or attended this meeting.
Abstract	NASA and commercial companies are currently designing and building spacecraft to take humans to low earth orbit and beyond, and to return them safely to earth. These efforts are building upon decades of human rated and piloted spacecraft work and lessons learned, and are also laying the foundation for NASA’s Journey to Mars and human exploration of the solar system. Human system integration (HSI) and guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C) are both system-level disciplines that enable safe, efficient, and successful pilot control of these complex vehicles. Understanding, from a human factors and performance perspective, the lessons learned, best practices, and future opportunities and challenges associated with human performance and interaction with guidance and control systems, cockpit technologies, and flight systems of piloted spacecraft is a key enabler for ensuring these spacecraft are capable of accomplishing the exploration objectives. Designing for this complex interaction between the human pilot and the GN&C system is a highly integrated design and development activity. Trades between the system architecture, the mission design, the vehicle design, and human interaction with the GN&C system must be carefully analyzed for all phases of flight. The design, development, test and operational phases must assess performance, handling qualities, human interactions, and the impacts on other systems and sub-systems. These are tightly linked to the design of the control system, the physical interfaces to the vehicle, the inherent manual control capabilities of the human in the environment that they are operating, as well as their ability to adapt to that environment which may have varying gravito-inertial loads, or may be have induced vibrations due to the dynamics of the launch vehicle or spacecraft. Crew protective equipment may limit mobility, visibility, and reduce tactile sensations. Piloted systems inherently require additional analysis, simulation and test capabilities, which include human-in the-loop simulations, development of flight decks and interfaces to assess crew tasks and interactions, simulations and analyses to assess handling qualities, and finally trainers that may include motion-based simulators or free-flying vehicles.